The latter operations were later raised by SHY to the rank of a primary homeostatic function assumed to fulfill the main goal of sleep. Similarities obviously include the involvement of SWS in memory processing, and in its weakening or elimination of memory traces. These views were originally demonstrated in rats, and later confirmed by independent investigations of human subjects ( Ficca et al., 2000 Gais et al., 2000 Stickgold et al., 2000).Ĭomparing SHY with SH has not been attempted so far despite their similar premises and their different interpretations of the role of SWS and REM sleep. The two-step mechanism of memory processing proposed by SH was concluded by the renewed storage of SWS-processed memories during REM sleep ( Giuditta et al., 1995, 2003 Ambrosini and Giuditta, 2001). SH was the first to examine and demonstrate the involvement of slow wave sleep (SWS) in memory processing, and to point out its primary role in downscaling irrelevant or competing memory traces. The recent publication of an extended review article on sleep memory processing (the synaptic homeostatic hypothesis or SHY Tononi and Cirelli, 2014) has suggested a comparison of its premises, data, and overall perspective with the corresponding viewpoints of the sequential hypothesis (SH) that was proposed more than 30 years ago ( Giuditta, 1977, 1985) but is now largely marginalized. Hints are provided on ways to subject the quantum hypothesis to experimental tests. Storing of memories in quantum particles may also occur in other vigilance states. This difficulty may be bypassed by the assumption that SWS-processed memories are stored again by REM sleep in brain subnuclear quantum particles. In addition, SHY’s synaptic renormalization raises an unsolved dilemma that clashes with the accepted memory storage mechanism exclusively based on modifications of synaptic strength. SHY’s emphasis on synaptic renormalization during SWS is acknowledged to underline a key sleep effect, but this cannot marginalize sleep’s main role in selecting memories to be retained from downgrading traces, and in their integration with preexisting memories.
Their similarities and differences are presented and discussed within the framework of sleep processing operations. SH basic premises, data, and interpretations have been compared with corresponding viewpoints of the synaptic homeostatic hypothesis (SHY). Further evidence was provided by independent studies of human subjects. The hypothesis received support from a wealth of EEG, behavioral, and biochemical analyses of trained rats.
Processed memories are stored again during REM sleep which integrates them with preexisting memories. During SWS memories to be retained are distinguished from irrelevant or competing traces that undergo downgrading or elimination.
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